The Vascular Interventional Procedures (Continued)

3. Thrombolysis

Lysis of the blood clot by using urokinase or streptokinase, a clot lysing drug in acute occlusion of the blood vessel by a clot.

Complete blocked of right common iliac artery and popliteal artery.

Post thrombolysis showed patent right common iliac artery and popliteal artery.

4. Venous access

Insertion of the catheters into the large veins usually in the arm or neck vein in order to administer medicine or nutritional substances continuously into the body for a long periods. The procedure is used for hemodialysis, total parenteral nutrition, cancer treatment or prior to bone marrow transplantation.

5. Aortic stent graft insertion

Placement of the covered stent(tube) in the treatment of aortic aneurysm (ballooning of the blood vessel due to weakened wall which threatening to burst). This procedure is best for patient with high risk for conventional surgery.

6. Cancer therapy – Chemoembolization

This procedure is performed to treat the tumor by injecting the tiny polyvinyl alcohol particles together with anticancer drug into the blood vessels feeding the tumor. The particles block off the blood vessels and keep the drug concentrated in the tumor.

Liver cancer before chemoembolization

Liver cancer after chemoembolization. The blood vessels supply the tumor have been completely blocked.

Note: All examples used are for demonstration purpose only.